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Vanille de Guadeloupe — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Guadeloupe

Vanille de Guadeloupe

Beneath the canopy of the Basse-Terre state forests, the black pod ripens in the shade — patiently pollinated flower by flower, scratched with a fish bone in a gesture known to Guadeloupe alone.

Spice or condiment from Guadeloupe.

Discover

At a glance

History & Origins

Vanille de Guadeloupe — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

From colonial cultivation to an agroforestry revival

Vanilla cultivation developed in Guadeloupe and Martinique in the 1830s. In the 1920s, the plantations of Basse-Terre were among the most productive, particularly for Vanilla Fragans Planifolia, and the archipelago exported 35 tonnes of pods with a solid international reputation. This production was subsequently largely supplanted by sugar cane and bananas, which became the island's dominant crops.

In the 1990s, the Syndicat agricole des producteurs de vanille de Guadeloupe (Syaprovag) initiated a revival through the 'Valorisation écosystémique intégrée de l'agrobiodiversité en forêt de Guadeloupe' (Valab) project, based on agroforestry rather than open-field cultivation. This revival relied on the Office National des Forêts (ONF), which allocated thirty one-hectare concessions in the Basse-Terre state forest — in December 2018 then in July 2019 — to producers applying for this canopy cultivation.

Sainte-Rose, the heart of current production

Current production is concentrated around Sainte-Rose, on Basse-Terre, where several producers cultivate vanilla in the understorey of the state forest, across the sections of Béron, Cacao and Comté de Lohéac. Two species are grown there: Vanilla Fragans Planifolia, the most widespread, and Vanilla Pompona, a rare variety native to Amazonia, more difficult to bring to fruit but sought after in perfumery for its heliotropin molecule. It was in this context that Cédric Coutellier won the gold medal at the Concours général agricole 2020 in the Vanille Fragans Planifolia category, before a panel of professionals including notoriously demanding Tahitian judges, who awarded him 20 out of 20.

Product characteristics

Sensory profile

Appearance

Black pods once cured, obtained after scarification followed by gradual drying of the green vanilla fruit.

Aroma

Characteristic vanilla aromas, developed during the curing that follows scarification.

Taste

Pronounced vanilla flavour; Vanilla Pompona is particularly sought after for its aromatic richness.

Texture

Supple pods after curing, with a smooth, dark surface.

How it is made

01

Manual pollination

over a flowering period that generally extends from March to May, each flower must be fertilised by hand to produce a po… Read more
over a flowering period that generally extends from March to May, each flower must be fertilised by hand to produce a pod, for lack of a local pollinating bee.
02

Canopy cultivation

the vanilla vines are grown in agroforestry, in the shade of the trees of the state forest, on one-hectare ONF concessio… Read more
the vanilla vines are grown in agroforestry, in the shade of the trees of the state forest, on one-hectare ONF concessions.
03

Scarification ('griffage')

a technique distinctive to Guadeloupe: the pods are scratched with a fish bone (needlefish jaw) rather than scalded, all… Read more
a technique distinctive to Guadeloupe: the pods are scratched with a fish bone (needlefish jaw) rather than scalded, allowing exchanges of sap and oxygen and reducing the time before commercialisation to around four months, compared to six months for conventional drying by scalding; some producers count six to seven months, including scarification, before they are put on sale.
04

Curing

gradual fermentation and drying of the pods, which develop their black colour and characteristic aromas.

Tasting & pairings

Vanille de Guadeloupe — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Vanille de Guadeloupe traditionally features in the composition of West Indian rhum arrangé, among the spices used, with a maceration of at least six months for fragrant versions. Its high vanillin content means that only a small piece of pod is needed per culinary preparation, whereas supermarket vanilla requires more.

Labels & certifications

Good to know

No official mark of ORIGIN to date. The organic certification held by certain producers on the island applies to their individual holdings, not the appellation. APAGwa (Association des Producteurs Agricoles de Guadeloupe) is leading an initiative towards recognition of an official sign of quality and origin (SIQO) for the 'Vanilles de Guadeloupe' sector, which is still at the feasibility study stage — no specifications have been submitted.

The people of the terroir

All production is certified organic Producer · Organic Sainte-Rose

Vanigwa

Artisan

Producer Sainte-Rose

Florsia

Artisan

Producer Sainte-Rose

Les Vergers Productions

Family-run

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All production is certified organic Producer Sainte-Rose

Vanigwa

Artisan

Cédric Coutellier settled in Guadeloupe in 1998 and launched his vanilla production in 2005, before becoming a tenant of the Office National des Forêts in 2010. Under the name Vanigwa, he cultivates two species of organic vanilla using agroforestry in the département- and state-owned forest of Basse-Terre, in Sainte-Rose, within the optimal protection zone (aire d'adhésion) of the Parc National de la Guadeloupe — a production certified 'Esprit Parc National'.

His vanilla earned him the gold medal at the Concours Général Agricole, at the Salon International de l'Agriculture in Paris, in the Vanilla Fragans Planifolia category in 2020 and again in 2024. Vanigwa offers a discovery tour of the forest vanilla plantation, by reservation, as well as a workshop on taking cuttings.

AddressPlessis-Nogent, 97115 Sainte-Rose, Guadeloupe
Phone+590 690 42 41 19
Emailcedriccout@hotmail.fr
Websitevanigwa.com
VisitsBy appointment
Euro-leaf, the EU organic farming logo All production is certified organic, since 2012.
Producer Sainte-Rose

Florsia

Artisan

On the edge of the Parc National de Guadeloupe, in the commune of Sainte-Rose, Frédéric Mauranyapin manages the Florsia estate through agroforestry: coconut trees, beehives, and a vanilla plantation grown under the shade of the forest. Two species of vanilla grow there: pompona, native to Mexico, with large, mild, and subtle pods, and planifolia, with smaller but more intensely fragrant pods; the produce is accredited with the 'Esprit Parc' mark, created by the Parc National de Guadeloupe to distinguish producers who use traditional and environmentally sound methods. The estate's bees help pollinate the crops and provide a forest honey harvested in small quantities.

The estate can be visited by advance booking: a two-hour guided walk, open to children from 3 years old, introduces visitors to the life of the hives, the vanilla plantation — flower pollination and the ripening of the pods — followed by the traditional, by-hand production of extra virgin, first cold-pressed coconut oil, with complimentary refreshments and a tasting of honey and jam depending on the season. Florsia sells its vanilla, coconut oil, and honey through an online shop and distribution points across Guadeloupe.

AddressRte de Cacao, Sainte-Rose 97115, Guadeloupe
Phone+590 690 49 85 76
Websiteflorsia.fr
VisitsBy advance booking
Producer Sainte-Rose

Les Vergers Productions

Family-run

Run by Yannick Verger, this certified organic farm in Sainte-Rose, on the leeward coast of Basse-Terre, cultivates one of only three vanilla productions in Guadeloupe bearing the "Esprit Parc National" label — a guarantee of traceability for anyone wishing to be certain they are not buying a pod imported from Madagascar. The farm is located in the Béron/Cacao/Comté de Lohéac area, under canopy agroforestry, a few kilometres from the village centre.

Beyond vanilla, Les Vergers Productions grows fresh fruit and vegetables and processes part of its harvest by artisanal methods: sugar cane, groseille-pays and guava juices, and homemade banana, medlar or vanilla smoothies. The farm can be visited on request, in particular to discover the vanilla plantation and how it is cultivated.

AddressRue Joseph Reimonenq, La Circonvallation, 97115 Sainte-Rose, Guadeloupe
Phone0690 26 33 44
Emailmonpetitvergerproductions@gmail.com
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsOn request — tour of the vanilla plantation