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Guadeloupe
Beneath the canopy of the Basse-Terre state forests, the black pod ripens in the shade — patiently pollinated flower by flower, scratched with a fish bone in a gesture known to Guadeloupe alone.
Spice or condiment from Guadeloupe.
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Vanilla cultivation developed in Guadeloupe and Martinique in the 1830s. In the 1920s, the plantations of Basse-Terre were among the most productive, particularly for Vanilla Fragans Planifolia, and the archipelago exported 35 tonnes of pods with a solid international reputation. This production was subsequently largely supplanted by sugar cane and bananas, which became the island's dominant crops.
In the 1990s, the Syndicat agricole des producteurs de vanille de Guadeloupe (Syaprovag) initiated a revival through the 'Valorisation écosystémique intégrée de l'agrobiodiversité en forêt de Guadeloupe' (Valab) project, based on agroforestry rather than open-field cultivation. This revival relied on the Office National des Forêts (ONF), which allocated thirty one-hectare concessions in the Basse-Terre state forest — in December 2018 then in July 2019 — to producers applying for this canopy cultivation.
Current production is concentrated around Sainte-Rose, on Basse-Terre, where several producers cultivate vanilla in the understorey of the state forest, across the sections of Béron, Cacao and Comté de Lohéac. Two species are grown there: Vanilla Fragans Planifolia, the most widespread, and Vanilla Pompona, a rare variety native to Amazonia, more difficult to bring to fruit but sought after in perfumery for its heliotropin molecule. It was in this context that Cédric Coutellier won the gold medal at the Concours général agricole 2020 in the Vanille Fragans Planifolia category, before a panel of professionals including notoriously demanding Tahitian judges, who awarded him 20 out of 20.
Appearance
Black pods once cured, obtained after scarification followed by gradual drying of the green vanilla fruit.
Aroma
Characteristic vanilla aromas, developed during the curing that follows scarification.
Taste
Pronounced vanilla flavour; Vanilla Pompona is particularly sought after for its aromatic richness.
Texture
Supple pods after curing, with a smooth, dark surface.
gradual fermentation and drying of the pods, which develop their black colour and characteristic aromas.
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Vanille de Guadeloupe traditionally features in the composition of West Indian rhum arrangé, among the spices used, with a maceration of at least six months for fragrant versions. Its high vanillin content means that only a small piece of pod is needed per culinary preparation, whereas supermarket vanilla requires more.
No official mark of ORIGIN to date. The organic certification held by certain producers on the island applies to their individual holdings, not the appellation. APAGwa (Association des Producteurs Agricoles de Guadeloupe) is leading an initiative towards recognition of an official sign of quality and origin (SIQO) for the 'Vanilles de Guadeloupe' sector, which is still at the feasibility study stage — no specifications have been submitted.
Artisan
Artisan
Family-run
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