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Caviar d'Aquitaine — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

PGI — Aquitaine

Caviar d'Aquitaine

The black gold of Aquitaine — baerii sturgeon eggs reared in the fresh waters of the heart of Gironde, the historic cradle of French caviar since the Middle Ages.

Seafood from Aquitaine, PGI (IGP) since 2025.

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At a glance

History & Origins

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Origins and birth of the product

The estuaries of the Garonne, the Dordogne and the Adour long harboured wild sturgeon in abundance. At the beginning of the 20th century, the influence of Russian culture introduced the taste for sturgeon eggs to France; in 1920, a Parisian restaurateur launched the production of caviar from Acipenser sturio, which was still found in the Gironde estuary, and from 1921 to 1950 the region accounted for nearly a third of national consumption, producing up to five tonnes each year. However, the Acipenser sturio population declined, and fishing for it was banned from 1982 onwards to protect the species. Research was then carried out in Aquitaine on Acipenser baerii, native to Siberian rivers; the first fish farms in Aquitaine emerged in the 1990s, culminating in the commercial launch of 'Caviar d'Aquitaine' in 1996. Since the ban on fishing and marketing wild caviar in the 2000s, only farmed caviar has been brought to market.

Terroir and geographical roots

Caviar d'Aquitaine sturgeons are reared in tanks and ponds fed by rivers, springs and boreholes of the Bassin Adour-Garonne, across the départements of Gironde, Landes and Lot-et-Garonne, as well as certain neighbouring communes in Charente, Charente-Maritime, Dordogne, Gers and Pyrénées-Atlantiques. These low-altitude waters, rich in alluvium and suspended sediment, suit the lucifugous temperament of the sturgeon — which shuns light — and provide the thermal characteristics necessary for its growth and the maturation of the caviar. Only a single species is permitted within the PGI area: Acipenser baerii baerii.

Heritage and local culture

On 18 February 2025, the European Union officially recognised 'Caviar d'Aquitaine' as a Protected Geographical Indication, through the publication of the implementing regulation in the Official Journal of the European Union — the culmination of a decade of efforts spearheaded by the Association de Défense et de Promotion du Caviar d'Aquitaine. This recognition makes Caviar d'Aquitaine the only caviar in the world to hold a PGI, guaranteeing traceability and origin to consumers. It crowns a savoir-faire revived after the near-disappearance of wild sturgeon at the end of the 20th century, championed today by four Aquitaine producers united within the association: Sturia, L'Esturgeonnière (Caviar Perlita brand), Prunier Manufacture and Caviar de France.

Product characteristics

Sensory profile

Appearance

Oocytes with a minimum average diameter of 2.3 to 2.5 mm depending on the direction of measurement, uniform in colour and size within the same tin, single-coloured or two-toned, with little exudate.

Aroma

Odourless for caviar aged under two months; beyond that, slight 'fish' notes may appear.

Taste

Buttery notes, crème fraîche or nuts, gaining in intensity and salinity over time; without bitterness or any rancid, metallic or earthy taste.

Texture

Oocytes separating easily, rather firm when the caviar is young and softer as it ages; membrane sometimes perceptible after pasteurisation.

How it is made

  1. Farming — Acipenser baerii sturgeons in tanks or ponds within the PGI area, with a particularly long growth cycle (nine years on average).
  2. Selection — Sorting by visual assessment, biopsy or ultrasound for the size of non-ovulated oocytes, prior to fasting.
  3. Fasting — Transfer to clear water for fasting before slaughter, lasting 7 to 12 days depending on water temperature.
  4. Slaughter and harvesting — Stunning followed by bleeding of the fish, manual removal of the gonads; a maximum of 4 hours from slaughter to the end of packaging.
  5. Sieving and rinsing — Separation of the oocytes from connective tissue, rinsing with lightly salted drinking water.
  6. Salting — Non-iodised food-grade salt, added salt content below 4%; use of brine prohibited.
  7. Preservation (optional) — Core pasteurisation (maximum 63 °C, tins of maximum 100 g) or deep-freezing (-18 °C); keeps for up to 18 months for pasteurised, 24 months for deep-frozen.
  8. Packaging — Lacquered metal tins, glass or plastic, cold-room storage between -5 °C and 0 °C prior to dispatch.

Tasting & pairings

Caviar d'Aquitaine — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Labels & certifications

PGI (IGP)

Since: 2025

Area covered: Gironde, Landes, Lot-et-Garonne and neighbouring cantons

Key requirements: Acipenser baerii baerii sturgeon mandatory; farmed in Aquitaine from birth to processing; free from GMOs, antibiotics and colourings; full traceability. First and only PGI (IGP) caviar in the world.

The people of the terroir

Guarantor body — the producers' association, syndicate or trade body that upholds the appellation Guarantor · Producer Saint-Jean-d'Illac

Caviar d'Aquitaine

Association

Producer Le Teich

Caviar Perlita

Aquaculture farm

Producer Montpon-Ménesterol

Prunier Manufacture

Aquaculture farm

Producer Biganos

Caviar de France

Aquaculture farm

Producer Saint-Sulpice-et-Cameyrac

Sturia

Aquaculture farm

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Guarantor body — the producers' association, syndicate or trade body that upholds the appellation Guarantor · Producer Saint-Jean-d'Illac

Caviar d'Aquitaine

Association

Caviar d'Aquitaine presents itself as the association bringing together the producers of the eponymous PGI (IGP), dedicated to promoting, developing, and protecting this savoir-faire. The caviar is claimed to be the fruit of over a century of artisanal craftsmanship balancing tradition and innovation, produced from the eggs of baerii sturgeon born and raised in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, yielding a 100% French product. It is produced by four makers — Sturia, L'Esturgeonnière, Caviar de France, and Prunier Manufacture — who, according to the association, are committed to environmental protection and animal welfare.

Address160 Rue Blaise Pascal, 33127 Saint-Jean-d'Illac, France
Phone+33 5 56 68 94 95
Emailcontact@caviardaquitaine.fr
Websitecaviardaquitaine.fr
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@caviardaquitaine
Producer Le Teich

Caviar Perlita

Aquaculture farm

The farm presents itself as an artisanal caviar-rearing operation established on the Bassin d'Arcachon for 25 years. Named L'Esturgeonnière and located in Le Teich, Gironde, the estate is one of the few French farms to bring together hatchery, rearing, and processing facilities on a single site, from hatching to packaging the caviar. It produces two ranges of caviar d'Aquitaine as well as a fine food range showcasing sturgeon, and offers tours of the site by appointment.

AddressRoute de Mios Balanos — 33470 Le Teich
Phone+33 5 56 22 69 50
Emailcaviar@caviar-perlita.com
Websitecaviar-perlita.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@caviarperlita
VisitsYes — by appointment
Producer Montpon-Ménesterol

Prunier Manufacture

Aquaculture farm

Prunier Manufacture is one of four producers brought together within the Caviar d'Aquitaine PGI (IGP) association. Located in Montpon-Ménesterol, in Dordogne, on the banks of the Isle, a tributary of the Dordogne, the manufacture was founded by Laurent Sabeau — a biologist by training — and his wife Valérie, who set up one of the very first sturgeon farms in France there. It traces its lineage to Maison Prunier, founded in 1872 by Alfred Prunier in Paris, which in 1921 became the first producer of French caviar and then, as early as 1990, one of the world's very first sturgeon fish farms.

Today, Prunier markets its caviar d'Aquitaine under the Baerii and Osciètre ranges, with retail outlets in Paris and internationally.

Address58 Rue des Moulineaux, 24700 Montpon-Ménestérol, France
Phone+33 5 53 80 61 10
Websiteprunier.com
Producer Biganos

Caviar de France

Aquaculture farm

Caviar de France is one of the four producers brought together within the Caviar d'Aquitaine PGI (IGP) association. Based at the Moulin de la Cassadote in Biganos, Gironde, at the entrance to the Bassin d'Arcachon, the farm claims the world's very first harvest of caviar from farmed sturgeon, achieved on this site in 1993 under the 'Caviar de Gironde' brand. It is run by Jean-Pascal Feray, a former professional basketball player who became the owner of Caviar de France (the commercial company) and La Truite argentière (the production company).

The farm rears its sturgeon on a 12-hectare site fed by a local river, and offers guided tours by appointment from April to the end of September. It markets four brands of caviar d'Aquitaine: Ebène, Diva, Caviar du Bassin, and N°3.

AddressRoute du, Moulin de la Cassadote, 33380 Biganos, France
Phone+33 5 56 82 64 42
Websitecaviardefrance.com
VisitsBy appointment (April to late September)
Producer Saint-Sulpice-et-Cameyrac

Sturia

Aquaculture farm

Sturia presents itself as the leading French caviar producer — farmer, selector and affineur — and rears its sturgeons (Baerii, Osciètre, Beluga) in Gironde and Charente-Maritime. The Sturgeon group, owner of the brand, dates its founding to 1995; its first Baerii sturgeons arrived at the Colombiers fish farm as early as 1986, its first caviars were produced in 1996, and its first tonne was produced in 1999 in a new workshop in Saint-Genis-de-Saintonge. Beyond caviar, Sturia states that it uses every part of each fish to make rillettes, taramas and a tableware range crafted from sturgeon leather.

Address102 Rte de Beauval, 33450 Saint-Sulpice-et-Cameyrac, France
Emailcaviar-sturia@kaviar.com
Websitesturia.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@caviarsturia
VisitsYes