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PGI — Aquitaine
The black gold of Aquitaine — baerii sturgeon eggs reared in the fresh waters of the heart of Gironde, the historic cradle of French caviar since the Middle Ages.
Seafood from Aquitaine, PGI (IGP) since 2025.
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The estuaries of the Garonne, the Dordogne and the Adour long harboured wild sturgeon in abundance. At the beginning of the 20th century, the influence of Russian culture introduced the taste for sturgeon eggs to France; in 1920, a Parisian restaurateur launched the production of caviar from Acipenser sturio, which was still found in the Gironde estuary, and from 1921 to 1950 the region accounted for nearly a third of national consumption, producing up to five tonnes each year. However, the Acipenser sturio population declined, and fishing for it was banned from 1982 onwards to protect the species. Research was then carried out in Aquitaine on Acipenser baerii, native to Siberian rivers; the first fish farms in Aquitaine emerged in the 1990s, culminating in the commercial launch of 'Caviar d'Aquitaine' in 1996. Since the ban on fishing and marketing wild caviar in the 2000s, only farmed caviar has been brought to market.
Caviar d'Aquitaine sturgeons are reared in tanks and ponds fed by rivers, springs and boreholes of the Bassin Adour-Garonne, across the départements of Gironde, Landes and Lot-et-Garonne, as well as certain neighbouring communes in Charente, Charente-Maritime, Dordogne, Gers and Pyrénées-Atlantiques. These low-altitude waters, rich in alluvium and suspended sediment, suit the lucifugous temperament of the sturgeon — which shuns light — and provide the thermal characteristics necessary for its growth and the maturation of the caviar. Only a single species is permitted within the PGI area: Acipenser baerii baerii.
On 18 February 2025, the European Union officially recognised 'Caviar d'Aquitaine' as a Protected Geographical Indication, through the publication of the implementing regulation in the Official Journal of the European Union — the culmination of a decade of efforts spearheaded by the Association de Défense et de Promotion du Caviar d'Aquitaine. This recognition makes Caviar d'Aquitaine the only caviar in the world to hold a PGI, guaranteeing traceability and origin to consumers. It crowns a savoir-faire revived after the near-disappearance of wild sturgeon at the end of the 20th century, championed today by four Aquitaine producers united within the association: Sturia, L'Esturgeonnière (Caviar Perlita brand), Prunier Manufacture and Caviar de France.
Appearance
Oocytes with a minimum average diameter of 2.3 to 2.5 mm depending on the direction of measurement, uniform in colour and size within the same tin, single-coloured or two-toned, with little exudate.
Aroma
Odourless for caviar aged under two months; beyond that, slight 'fish' notes may appear.
Taste
Buttery notes, crème fraîche or nuts, gaining in intensity and salinity over time; without bitterness or any rancid, metallic or earthy taste.
Texture
Oocytes separating easily, rather firm when the caviar is young and softer as it ages; membrane sometimes perceptible after pasteurisation.
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Since: 2025
Area covered: Gironde, Landes, Lot-et-Garonne and neighbouring cantons
Key requirements: Acipenser baerii baerii sturgeon mandatory; farmed in Aquitaine from birth to processing; free from GMOs, antibiotics and colourings; full traceability. First and only PGI (IGP) caviar in the world.
Association
Aquaculture farm
Aquaculture farm
Aquaculture farm
Aquaculture farm
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