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Olives cassées de la Vallée des Baux-de-Provence — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

AOC — PDO — Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

Olives cassées de la Vallée des Baux-de-Provence

Green and crisp, delicately cracked and flavoured with wild fennel, they embody the sunshine of the Alpilles in a jar.

Vegetable from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, PDO (AOP) since 1999.

Discover

At a glance

History & Origins

Antiquity and origins of the product

As early as 1786, Abbé Couture noted the remarkable varietal wealth of the Vallée des Baux-de-Provence in his treatise, counting at least six main types of olive — including Salonenque, then known as 'Plant de Salon', and Béruguette, the old name for Aglandau, also known locally as 'Blanquette'. It is precisely these two ancient varieties that remain today the only ones authorised for the production of olives cassées. The production of cracked green olives, driven by the traditional technique of cracking — long done by hand before being mechanised —, is a speciality found almost exclusively in this valley.

The appellation d'origine contrôlée 'Olives cassées de la vallée des Baux-de-Provence' was recognised by decree on 27 August 1997, before obtaining European protection as a PDO in 1999.

Terroir and geographical roots

The appellation's geographical area is situated in the Alpilles massif and along the northern edge of the Plaine de la Crau, in the Bouches-du-Rhône: it covers in their entirety the communes of Les Baux-de-Provence, Maussane-les-Alpilles and Le Paradou, and in part those of Arles, Aureille, Eygalières, Eyguières, Fontvieille, Lamanon, Mas-Blanc-des-Alpilles, Mouriès, Orgon, Saint-Étienne-du-Grès, Saint-Martin-de-Crau, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Sénas and Tarascon — seventeen communes in all. The soils here are limestone and stony, sheltered from fogs by the Alpilles range, making it a prime terroir for olive growing.

Wild fennel is widespread in the Vallée des Baux-de-Provence; flowering in summer, its seeds become available just as the olive harvest begins, which explains its traditional place in the preparation of olives cassées.

Heritage and local culture

The Vallée des Baux is the beating heart of Provençal olive growing. Its mills and processing workshops carry on centuries-old traditions. Fennel-flavoured olives cassées are a speciality known to every Provençal gourmet.

Product characteristics

Sensory profile

Appearance

Green olives mechanically cracked from fresh whole fruit, presented in clear to slightly cloudy brine containing pieces of fennel stalk.

Aroma

Notes of fennel, the appellation's exclusive aromatic.

Taste

Firm on the palate, with a pronounced flavour of fennel that must not be masked by salt; a slight bitterness may be present, with no fermented, soapy or woody taste.

Texture

Firm flesh, whole cracked olives that are not slashed (maximum tolerance of 5% uncracked olives and 5% burst olives).

Varieties

The olives cassées come exclusively from the Salonenque or Aglandau (also known as Béruguette) varieties; varietal blending is not permitted for commercial sale. They are flavoured exclusively with wild fennel (vegetative parts and seeds, with commercially prepared extracts, decoctions or infusions also permitted).

How it is made

01

Harvest

Season opens in late August, with olives picked by hand or by a mechanical method that respects the integrity of the fru… Read more
Season opens in late August, with olives picked by hand or by a mechanical method that respects the integrity of the fruit (oscillating combs are prohibited); delivery to the processor within a maximum of 48 hours.
02

Grading and sorting

Maximum size of 35 fruits per hectogram, with uniform batches (at most 5% of fruits over 42 fruits/hg, 5% under 20 fruit… Read more
Maximum size of 35 fruits per hectogram, with uniform batches (at most 5% of fruits over 42 fruits/hg, 5% under 20 fruits/hg); defects (blemishes, wrinkled or soft fruit, insect stings) limited to 5%, worm-eaten olives under 3%.
03

Cracking

Carried out mechanically on fresh whole fruit; flesh fragments resulting from cracking do not exceed 5%.

04

Debittering

Soaking in an alkaline solution (maximum density 1025) until partially debittered, followed by replacement with pure wat… Read more
Soaking in an alkaline solution (maximum density 1025) until partially debittered, followed by replacement with pure water: a minimum stay of thirty-six hours with successive rinsings until the water runs clear.
05

Brining

After osmosis and stabilisation, immersion in brine at a density between 1036 and 1050 (only citric and lactic acids are… Read more
After osmosis and stabilisation, immersion in brine at a density between 1036 and 1050 (only citric and lactic acids are authorised to lower the pH).
06

Flavouring

Exclusively with fennel (vegetative parts and seeds of the plant, with commercial extracts, decoctions or infusions perm… Read more
Exclusively with fennel (vegetative parts and seeds of the plant, with commercial extracts, decoctions or infusions permitted).
07

Storage

In brine no later than eight days after debittering, for a maximum of twelve months, at a temperature between 2 and 4 °C… Read more
In brine no later than eight days after debittering, for a maximum of twelve months, at a temperature between 2 and 4 °C.
08

Pasteurisation

Optional; when carried out, it takes place within the appellation's geographical area, with a maximum pasteurisation… Read more
Optional; when carried out, it takes place within the appellation's geographical area, with a maximum pasteurisation value of 2000 seconds (at a theoretical temperature of 70 °C) to preserve the firmness and colour of the olives.

Tasting & pairings

Olives cassées de la Vallée des Baux-de-Provence — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Serving: At room temperature or slightly chilled. For a Provençal apéritif.

Uses:

  • On their own as an apéritif.: On their own as an apéritif.
  • Green tapenades.: Green tapenades.
  • Garnishing Provençal dishes.: Garnishing Provençal dishes.
  • Raw vegetable salads.: Raw vegetable salads.
  • Charcuterie and cheese starters.: Charcuterie and cheese starters.

Drinks: Dry white wines, Provençal rosés, pastis.

Labels & certifications

AOC

Since: 1997

Area covered: Vallée des Baux-de-Provence (17 communes in Bouches-du-Rhône)

Key requirements: Salonenque or Aglandau varieties exclusively, unblended at marketing; size ≤ 35 fruits/hectogram; mechanical cracking (flesh fragments ≤ 5%); debittering in alkaline solution then water (≥ 36 h); brining at density 1036-1050; exclusive fennel flavouring

PDO (AOP)

Since: 1999

Area covered: Vallée des Baux-de-Provence (17 communes in Bouches-du-Rhône)

Key requirements: European protection under the same specification

Good to know

The PACA region alone accounts for 66% of France's national olive production and brings together six of the country's seven olive-growing protected designations of origin.

The people of the terroir

Producer Fontvieille

Mas de l'Ange

Family-run

Producer Fontvieille

Moulin de Bédarrides

Family-run

Part of the production is certified organic Producer · Organic range Maussane-les-Alpilles

Mas de Cayol

Family-run

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Producer Fontvieille

Mas de l'Ange

Family-run

Mas de l'Ange presents itself as a family farm run by the Monnier family, located in Fontvieille, in the heart of the Vallée des Baux-de-Provence, in the Alpilles. It claims four generations of olive growing: inherited by Alain Monnier in 1978, the estate is managed today by Patrick Monnier. Operating as an EARL, the farm cultivates around 1,700 olive trees and produces PDO (AOP) Vallée des Baux-de-Provence olive oil — fruité vert and matured — claiming the appellation since 1997, alongside table olives, olive pastes and spreads, and artisanal jams.

The Mas reports an annual production of around 2,500 litres of fruité vert oil and 2,000 litres of matured oil, made exclusively from olives sourced from the Vallée des Baux-de-Provence. It offers 1 hr 30 min group tours by appointment, including tastings, as well as a direct-sales shop.

AddressRoute de Maussane, 13990 Fontvieille, France
Phone04 90 54 54 32
Emailinfo@masdelange.fr
Websitemasdelange.fr
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@patrick_monnier13
VisitsGroup tours (1 hr 30 mins) daily by appointment; shop open Monday to Saturday 9:00–20:00, Sundays and bank holidays by appointment
Producer Fontvieille

Moulin de Bédarrides

Family-run

Moulin de Bédarrides presents itself as a small family-run business in Fontvieille, run by the same family since 1870. Its oil is made almost exclusively from fruit harvested in the orchards of the Mas de Bédarrides — a provenance that limits the volume produced but ensures quality control. It is marketed under the PDO (AOP) 'Vallée des Baux-de-Provence', as fruité vert or fruité noir depending on the ripeness of the olives at the time of extraction.

In 1920, the mill commissioned the illustrator and painter Léo Lelée (1872–1947), a figure of Provençal Art Deco, to create its commercial image — the olive tree and Mireille, a character from the work of Frédéric Mistral, being the two subjects; the oil is still marketed under this same hallmark. The mill also offers a milling service to regional olive growers, whether professional or amateur, who bring in their own olives.

AddressAv. de Tarascon, 13990 Fontvieille, France
Phone+33 4 90 54 70 04
Emailmoulinbedarrides@orange.fr
Websitemoulinbedarrides.com
VisitsYes — guided tours by booking (groups of at least 12 people, May to October)
Part of the production is certified organic Producer Maussane-les-Alpilles

Mas de Cayol

Family-run

Mas de Cayol presents itself as a family-run olive estate established in the commune of Les Baux-de-Provence and in the valley at Maussane-les-Alpilles since 1912, handed down through four generations — from Victor and Gabrielle Legrand to Gilles and Laetitia Citi today. Originally founded on 50 hectares of market-gardening, fruit-growing, and olive-growing land, the estate describes itself as a 'producer of table olives and oil olives', driven by a passion for the land. In 2019, Laetitia Citi launched 'La Maison du Goût et du Terroir' there, in the village of Les Baux-de-Provence.

The farm produces several PDO (AOP) Vallée des Baux-de-Provence olive oils — Noir d'Olive (matured olives), organic Noir d'Olive, Fruité Vert, and single-variety organic Grossane — as well as cracked olives and organic black 'Grossane' olives, both also under PDO Vallée des Baux-de-Provence. It sells its produce through direct sales and via an online shop.

Address1628 Route du Destet, 13520 Maussane-les-Alpilles
Phone06 47 43 35 81
Emailmas.cayol@orange.fr
Websitemascayol.com
Euro-leaf, the EU organic farming logo Part of the production is certified organic, since 2022.