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AOC — PDO — Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Between the Alpilles and the Crau, the oil of Les Baux is born of ancestral farming hands, green or ripe-fruited depending on the harvest season.
Oil from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, PDO (AOP) since 2000.
The Vallée des Baux-de-Provence is a cradle of French olive growing. The appellation d'origine contrôlée 'Huile d'olive de la Vallée des Baux-de-Provence' was recognised by decree on 27 August 1997, and has been protected at European level as a PDO since June 2000 — one of the oldest olive oil appellations in France. Three products benefit from the Vallée des Baux-de-Provence PDO: olive oil (produced in 'fruité vert' and 'olives maturées' styles, also known as 'fruité noir'), as well as cracked olives and black olives.
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The appellation area covers 17 communes in Bouches-du-Rhône, between the Alpilles and the Crau plain — from Les Baux-de-Provence to Tarascon, by way of Maussane-les-Alpilles, Mouriès, and Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. On well-drained slopes and limestone soils, ancestral olive groves thrive under a semi-arid Mediterranean climate. The four main varieties (Salonenque, Aglandau, Verdale, and Grossane) have been cultivated here for centuries, imparting a unique aromatic signature to each oil.
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The villages of Les Baux, Maussane, Eyguières, and their neighbouring communes uphold the olive-growing heritage of Provence. As early as 1786, Abbé Couture noted in his treatise the valley's great wealth of olive varieties, listing at least six principal types — the very same varieties that make up the appellation today. In the 20th century, the oil's renown owed much to the efforts of the Moulin Coopératif de Maussane, run for more than twenty years by the Cornille family. The Vallée des Baux is a symbol of Provençal authenticity, where landscape, agriculture, and gastronomy harmoniously intertwine.
Fruité vert
Appearance
Yellow-green to pale green
Aroma
Intense green aromas (fresh hay, freshly cut grass, green almond, raw artichoke)
Taste
Marked pungency (ardence), moderate bitterness, peppery finish
Texture
Light to medium body
Fruité noir (matured olive oil)
Appearance
Pale gold to golden yellow
Aroma
Ripe aromas (candied olives, cocoa, cooked artichoke, sourdough bread, truffle, mushroom)
Taste
Softer, more rounded flavour, low bitterness
Texture
Medium body
Authorised varieties : Salonenque, Aglandau (Béruguette), Verdale, Grossane — main varieties, representing at least 80% of trees, of which at least two must be present. Secondary variety: Picholine (no more than 20% of trees).
Harvested at optimal ripeness, from an opening date set each year by prefectural decree according to the variety. Exclusively mechanical extraction (washing, crushing, malaxation, settling, centrifugation, filtration), never exceeding 27°C at any point along the processing chain. Storage away from light and heat.
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Fruité vert : Versatile — salads, grilled vegetables, carpaccio, fish, white meats, traditional Provençal dishes. Fruité noir (matured) : Rounder and longer on the palate, with slow-cooked Mediterranean dishes.
Since: 1997
Area covered: Vallée des Baux-de-Provence (17 communes in Bouches-du-Rhône)
Key requirements: Minimum of 2 main varieties (≥ 80% of trees); mechanical extraction (≤ 27°C); free acidity ≤ 0.8 g/100g (fruité vert) or ≤ 1.5 g/100g (matured olives)
Since: 2000
Area covered: Vallée des Baux-de-Provence (17 communes in Bouches-du-Rhône)
Key requirements: European registration of the appellation d'origine contrôlée, confirming the requirements of the national specifications.
Interprofessional association
Family-run
Family-run
Family-run
Cooperative
Family-run
Family-run
Olive-growing estate
Family-run
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