Updated

Comté — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

AOC — PDO — Franche-Comté

Comté

In the deep valleys of the Jura, where winters last six months and people once learned to live on what the mountain could preserve, farmers invented a cheese so large that it took several people working together to make it — and so complex that it takes months to reveal itself.

Cooked pressed cheese from Franche-Comté, PDO (AOP) since 1996.

Discover

At a glance

History & Origins

Comté — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Birth in the fruitières of the Jura

The history of Comté begins with necessity. In the remote valleys of the Jura Massif, winter is long and unforgiving, and the milk produced by herds during the summer cannot be kept as it is. As early as the 13th century, Jura farmers found a solution as simple as it was ingenious: pooling their milk. A single livestock farmer did not produce enough to craft an entire wheel — an average of 400 litres of milk is needed for a single 40 kg piece. So they banded together, each bringing the day's milking to a collective « fructerie », the forerunner of our modern fruitières. The oldest known written mention dates back to March 1263, in a deed of sale referencing the « fructerie de Poloingney » (Poligny), discovered in the Cartulaire des Sires d'Arlay. A later deed from September 1272 attests in turn to the fruitières of Déservillers and Levier; then, in 1380, further deeds confirm large-scale cheese production that can only be explained by this pooling of milk.

The fruitière, a social invention as much as a cheesemaking one

The name comes from « faire fructifier »: farmers brought their milk to the fruitière and received in return a share of cheese proportional to their contribution. This cooperative system is unique in the world and remains the heart of the Comté model today — the sector's 2,400 farms deliver their milk to 140 active fruitières, which make the wheels before they go to one of 14 maturing cellars. There is no such thing as industrial Comté: the cooperative structure by its very nature forbids it. In 1880, the cheese began to be referred to in texts as « Gruyère de Comté », asserting its regional identity against imitations. In 1958, it became one of the first French cheeses to obtain an AOC. The European PDO (AOP) followed in 1996.

Comté — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

A living heritage, the most produced in France

With 61,000 tonnes sold in 2024, or roughly 1.6 million wheels, Comté is the best-selling PDO cheese in France. An apparent paradox for an artisanal product, but the profound coherence of a model where quality and volume do not conflict: the appellation's specifications cap milk yield per hectare of forage area on each farm, preserving added value rather than gross volume. Each wheel bears the imprint of its terroir, its season, and its maturation period — no two Comtés are identical.

Product characteristics

Portrait of an exceptional wheel

Comté takes the form of a large cylindrical wheel 55 to 75 cm in diameter, weighing between 32 and 45 kg, with a brushed natural rind ranging from beige to golden brown in colour. The paste is ivory to pale yellow, smooth or slightly dotted with small lens-shaped openings — the famous « eyes » permitted by the specifications, which must not exceed the size of a small cherry. The milk, which must be raw, comes exclusively from Montbéliarde (95% of the sector's herds) or French Simmental (5%) cows, with each dairy cow required to have at least 1.3 hectares of pasture.

The green band and the brown band

Before being released for sale, each wheel is scored out of 20 by the affineur, based on criteria of taste, texture, presentation, and appearance. Wheels scoring 14/20 and above receive a green banding strip bearing the « clochette » — the symbol of the highest quality. Those scored between 12 and 14 receive a brown band (brick-brown). Below 12, the wheel cannot bear the Comté appellation. Contrary to what one might assume, the colour of the band indicates neither the age nor the style of the cheese — only its overall quality at the conclusion of the sensory evaluation.

Sensory profile

Appearance

Cylindrical wheel, brushed beige to brown rind, ivory to yellow paste, smooth to slightly dotted with small holes.

Aroma

Warm milk, cut hay, hazelnut, caramel depending on maturation.

Taste

Fruity and lactic (young), nutty and caramelised (mature), spicy and powerful (aged).

Texture

Supple and melting, slightly granular with tyrosine crystals over long maturations.

Together with a specialised tasting panel, the CIGC has established a Comté « flavour wheel » spanning six major aromatic families: spicy, lactic, vegetal, floral, fruity, and animal.

How it is made

01

Collection

The raw milk is collected from farmers, and renneting must take place within a maximum of 24 hours of the earliest milki… Read more
The raw milk is collected from farmers, and renneting must take place within a maximum of 24 hours of the earliest milking.
02

Renneting

The milk, heated to no more than 40°C, is coagulated with natural rennet produced from calf abomasum.

03

Curd cutting

The curd is cut into small grains using a curd harp, under the watchful eye of the cheesemaker who assesses its consiste… Read more
The curd is cut into small grains using a curd harp, under the watchful eye of the cheesemaker who assesses its consistency by hand.
04

Cooking

The curd is heated in copper vats between 53°C and 57°C for at least thirty minutes while being constantly stirred — it … Read more
The curd is heated in copper vats between 53°C and 57°C for at least thirty minutes while being constantly stirred — it is this step that earns it the designation « pâte cuite ».
05

Pressing

The curd is placed in moulds and pressed for several hours to expel the whey.

06

Salting

The wheels are dry-salted then rubbed with brine to form the rind.

07

Maturation

Following a pre-maturation phase (temperature 10–13°C, humidity > 90%), the wheels continue in temperature-controlled… Read more
Following a pre-maturation phase (temperature 10–13°C, humidity > 90%), the wheels continue in temperature-controlled cellars (max 19°C, min. 92% humidity), regularly turned and rubbed with brine, for a minimum of 120 days from renneting — and often far longer.

Tasting & pairings

Comté — AI-generated illustration AI-generated illustration

Removed from the refrigerator 30 minutes before serving, Comté expresses itself fully at room temperature. The length of maturation — from a minimum of 4 months up to 24 months and more — shapes vastly different profiles. A young Comté pairs well with a Chablis, a Crémant du Jura, or a craft blonde beer. A mature Comté finds its natural partner in a Vin Jaune du Jura, a Savagnin d'Arbois, or a Gewurztraminer d'Alsace. In cooking, it melts divinely in gratins, soufflés, fondues, and quiches. Enjoyed plain with a Jura walnut or a piece of pain de campagne, it reveals its full aromatic complexity.

Labels & certifications

AOC

Since: 1958

Area covered: Jura Massif: Doubs, Jura, part of Ain, a few communes in Saône-et-Loire, one commune in Haute-Savoie

Key requirements: France's first cooked-paste cheese AOC

PDO (AOP)

Since: 1996

Area covered: Jura Massif: Doubs, Jura, part of Ain, a few communes in Saône-et-Loire, one commune in Haute-Savoie

Key requirements: Raw milk mandatory, Montbéliarde or Simmental breeds, 1.3 ha/cow minimum, maturation 120 days minimum, mandatory grading of wheels (green band ≥ 14/20)

The people of the terroir

Producer Les Rousses

Fromagerie Juraflore — Fort des Rousses

Co-operative

Producer Vers-en-Montagne

Fruitière à Comté de Vers-en-Montagne

Cheese co-operative

Producer Doucier

Fruitière de la Vallée du Hérisson

Cheese co-operative

Producer Valoreille

Fruitière de Valoreille-Fleurey

Dairy co-operative

Part of the production is certified organic Producer · Organic range Courlaoux

Monts & Terroirs

Dairy cooperative

Producer · Award-winning Pontarlier

Fromagerie Badoz

Major artisanal cheese house

Producer · Award-winning Val-d'Usiers

Fromagerie Napiot

Family-run

Producer Grande-Rivière

Fruitière de Grande-Rivière / Morbier

Cheese co-operative

Producer · Award-winning Bannans

Coopérative fromagère Les Monts de Joux

Cooperative

Producer · Award-winning Les Fins

Fruitière Les Fins Comté

Dairy cooperative

Producer · Award-winning Charcenne

Fromagerie Milleret

Large artisanal cheese dairy

Producer Métabief

Fromagerie du Mont d'Or (famille Sancey-Richard)

Artisan

Producer · Award-winning Fontain

Fruitière de Fontain

Dairy cooperative

Producer Les Fourgs

Fromagerie des Fourgs

Dairy cooperative

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Producer Les Rousses

Fromagerie Juraflore — Fort des Rousses

Co-operative

The website presents itself under the name Fromageries Arnaud and lists two addresses: the head office in Poligny (Jura) and the Fort des Rousses site, in Les Rousses. It dedicates a section to the Fort des Rousses' 'exceptional cellars' and the art of maturing.

It features a range of Comtés — cut to order, self-service, Charles Arnaud, organic — as well as other cheeses, including Morbier Juraflore and Bleu de Gex.

AddressLe Fort des Rousses, 39220 Les Rousses, France
Phone+33 3 84 60 02 24
Websitejuraflore.com
VisitsYes — shop and maturing cellars open to visitors (information on the website)
Producer Vers-en-Montagne

Fruitière à Comté de Vers-en-Montagne

Cheese co-operative

The Vers-en-Montagne co-operative presents itself as a traditional fruitière of the Jura massif: a collective of farmers who bring their milk to turn it into cheese. It anchors its activity in the ancestral tradition of Jura fruitières, born of the need to collectively turn milk into long-keeping cheeses due to the lack of sufficient volumes from individual farms.

There it produces protected designation of origin (PDO (AOP)) Comté. Its shop also offers other cheeses from the Jura — Morbier, Tomme du Jura, Bleu de la Marre, Bleu de Gex Haut-Jura PDO, Mont d'Or PDO, raclette — as well as regional products (charcuterie, chocolates), available for direct sale at the cheese dairy or to order.

Address24 Place du Chalet 39300 Vers-en-Montagne
Phone03 84 51 45 89
Emailcontact@fromagerie-versenmontagne.com
Websitefromagerie-versenmontagne.com
VisitsBy appointment (guided tour)
Producer Doucier

Fruitière de la Vallée du Hérisson

Cheese co-operative

Fruitière de la Vallée du Hérisson presents itself as a cheese dairy located in Doucier, in the Jura. It crafts its cheeses using milk from its member farmers, guaranteed as 'produits du terroir Franc-Comtois', and highlights a fruity Comté PDO (AOP) matured for 10 to 12 months as well as a Morbier PDO. Its range also includes Bleu de Gex, Tomme du Jura, Raclette du Jura, and Petit Hérisson, alongside terrines, saucissons, and honeys from the Jura. It offers online sales of its products and has two shops, in Doucier and Beaune.

Address1590 Rue des 3 Lacs, 39130 Doucier, France
Phone03 84 25 79 22
Emailcontact@fruitiere-comte.com
Websitefruitiere-comte.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@fruitiere.du.herisson
VisitsYes — cheese-making demonstration every morning at 8:30, continuous video
Producer Valoreille

Fruitière de Valoreille-Fleurey

Dairy co-operative

According to the CIGC (Comité Interprofessionnel de Gestion du Comté), the Fruitière de Valoreille-Fleurey is located in the village of Valoreille, perched at an altitude of 750 m north of the Comté PDO (AOP) zone, overlooking the Dessoubre valley, renowned for fishing and its wild character. It brings together 18 member farmers and processes 5.3 million litres of milk a year, 90% of which is made into Comté PDO — matured by Maison Petite as well as, for a small share, on site — and 10% into Morbier PDO and raclette. 17 farms from the communes of Valoreille, Fleurey, and Terres-de-Chaux deliver their milk to it daily.

Its small shop offers Comté matured on site, homemade raw butter, homemade fromages blancs, homemade Morbier, Mont d'Or, cancoillotte, yoghurts, and a few soft cheeses; visits are possible by reservation. The shop is open all year round from 8:30 to 11:00. In September 2023, a 35-month Comté produced at the fruitière and matured in the Doubs was served at Versailles during the dinner marking the first official visit to France by King Charles III and Queen Camilla — 180 guests tasted it.

Address2 Rue de l'Église, 25190 Valoreille, France
Phone03 81 93 34 03
Emailjemonneret@orange.fr
Websitecomte.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@valoreille_25190
VisitsYes — farm shop (matured Comté, raw butter, Morbier, Mont d'Or, cancoillotte)
Part of the production is certified organic Producer Courlaoux

Monts & Terroirs

Dairy cooperative

Monts & Terroirs presents itself as a cheese company born from the parallel paths of two maturing cooperative unions founded in 1945 — the Cave Coopérative Centrale d'Affinage de Poligny (which became Juramonts Comté in 1970) and the Union des coopératives d'affinage de Franche-Comté. Since 1983, several cheesemaking families have joined it: Reybier in 1983, Entremont in 1988, Grosjean with Juragruyère in 1992, Fromagerie Mercier in Savoie in 2000, Jura Courlaoux and Fromageries du Colombier in 2006, then the Grillot family in 2014. In 2012, the company — previously called Juragruyère — was renamed Monts & Terroirs.

The enterprise describes itself as a dual-shareholding structure, majority-owned by dairy farmers, with the mission of preserving the cheesemaking terroirs of Franche-Comté and Savoie. Its range includes Comté PDO (AOP), traditionally warm-cured for a minimum of 6 to 18 months, Beaufort PDO, Morbier PDO, Emmental Grand Cru and Gruyère PGI (IGP) matured for at least 4 months on spruce boards, as well as two tommes made artisanally in Savoie and the Jura. Its registered office is based in Poligny, in the Jura.

Address587 Rte de Bletterans, 39570 Courlaoux, France
Phone03 84 35 30 56
Websitemontsetterroirs.com
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsBy appointment
Euro-leaf, the EU organic farming logo Part of the production is certified organic, since 2008.
Producer Pontarlier

Fromagerie Badoz

Major artisanal cheese house

Fromagerie Badoz presents itself as a family-run cheesemaker and affineur, handed down from father to son since 1961. It collects milk daily, processing and maturing it in-house before marketing a range of Jura PDO (AOP) cheeses — Comté, Mont d'Or, and Morbier — as well as Cancoillotte PGI (IGP). It sells its produce in its shops in Pontarlier, Levier, and Les Fourgs.

Awards

Concours Général Agricole 2026

Paris

  • Comté AOP
Address1 Rue Denis Papin, 25300 Pontarlier, France
Phone03 81 39 80 20
Emailaccueil@fromagerie-badoz.com
Websitefromagerie-badoz.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@fromageriebadoz
VisitsYes — shop open Monday to Saturday
Producer Val-d'Usiers

Fromagerie Napiot

Family-run

Fromagerie Napiot presents itself as a cheesemaker and affineur established in 1860, located in Val-d'Usiers in the heart of Haut-Doubs. It claims several gold medals at the Concours Général Agricole for its Mont d'Or PDO (AOP) and Comté PDO, including three gold medals in the 2025–2026 competitions. It runs the Relais du Terroir, an adjoining shop offering around 600 local terroir products — cheeses, charcuterie, honeys, wines and liqueurs, groceries —, complemented by a restaurant and a dedicated event space. Sales are also available online, with in-store collection (click & collect) or home delivery via ChronoFresh.

Awards

Concours International de Lyon 2026

Lyon

  • Comté AOP
AddressRte du Val, 25520 Val-d'Usiers, France
Phone+33 3 81 46 65 80
Emailrelais@lerelaisduterroir.fr
Websitenapiot.com
FacebookFacebook page
Instagram@fromagerienapiot
VisitsYes — Relais du Terroir (shop and tasting area) on site
Producer Grande-Rivière

Fruitière de Grande-Rivière / Morbier

Cheese co-operative

The fruitière presents itself as a co-operative bringing together producers and cheesemakers around the know-how of Jura fruitières. Every day, it processes milk from its local producers to make and mature Comté PDO (AOP), Morbier PDO, and other cheeses from its terroir. Its produce, along with a selection of regional products, is available in its two shops, in Grande-Rivière and Morbier.

Other products

Address12 Ham. des Chauvins, 39150 Grande-Rivière Château, France
Phone03 84 60 10 86
Emailcontact@fromagedujura.com
Websitefromagedujura.com
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsYes — self-guided visitor gallery, cellar tours by reservation
Producer Bannans

Coopérative fromagère Les Monts de Joux

Cooperative

The Coopérative Les Monts de Joux presents itself as an independent dairy cooperative based in Bannans (Haut-Doubs), uniting around 265 producers. Its cheeses are made from raw milk at the Bannans site and in a dozen Comté fruitières scattered across the Jura Massif. Its range includes Comté (young, fruity, or long-aged), Morbier, Mont d'Or, and Bleu de Gex, as well as raw-milk raclette and tomme de montagne.

Awards

Concours Général Agricole 2026

Paris

  • Comté AOP
  • Comté AOP
Mondial du Fromage 2025

Mondial du Fromage et des Produits Laitiers · Tours

  • Comté AOP
Address36 Rue Laurent Troutet, 25560 Bannans, France
Phone+33 3 81 89 81 11
Emailcommercial@lesmontsdejoux.fr
Websitelesmontsdejoux.com
Producer Les Fins

Fruitière Les Fins Comté

Dairy cooperative

Based in Les Fins, in the Haut-Doubs, the Fruitière Les Fins Comté is a cheese cooperative formed in 1995 from the union of several older fruitières in the region — Remonot, des Vuillaumiers, des Deux Montagnes and de Longemaison. Each year, the cheesemaker and his team process 7.5 million litres of milk delivered by the cooperative's 31 member producers, and mature on site the Comté sold in the shop.

The shop adjoining the cheese dairy offers a selection of Comté PDO (AOP) alongside other regional PDO cheeses, butter, cream, honey and charcuterie; a vending machine makes the essentials available at any time outside opening hours. Guided tours of the cheese dairy, led by one of the milk producers, are available by prior booking, from the production vats to the maturing cellars.

Awards

Concours Général Agricole 2026

Paris

  • Comté AOP
Address2 Le Paradis, 25500 Les Fins, France
Phone03 81 67 11 85
Emailmagasin@lesfinscomte.fr
Websitelesfinscomte.fr
VisitsYes — guided tours by prior booking, led by one of the milk producers
Producer Charcenne

Fromagerie Milleret

Large artisanal cheese dairy

Founded in 1921 by Henri Milleret in Charcenne, Haute-Saône, the cheese dairy is today run by the fourth generation of the family. An independent SME employing 217 staff, it collects milk from 127 local producers and crafts soft cheeses that have become regional staples — l'Ortolan, Roucoulons, and the cancoillotte Le Francomtois.

In 2025, the Haute-Saône house took over the reins of fromagerie Brun in Poligny, in the Jura — a passing of the baton between two centenary businesses founded in the same year, 1921. Eleven thousand wheels of comté continue their maturation in the Poligny cellars under the Milleret banner, and a two-million-euro investment plan is under way to modernise the sites and strengthen their export presence, with the ambition of offering a complete range from Roucoulons to comté.

Awards

Concours International de Lyon 2026

Lyon

  • Comté AOP
  • Comté AOP
Mondial du Fromage 2025

Mondial du Fromage et des Produits Laitiers · Tours

  • ×2 Comté AOP
  • Comté AOP
Address12 Rte de Choyé, 70700 Charcenne, France
Phone03 84 65 68 68
Emailcontact@fromagerie-milleret.com
Websitefromagerie-milleret.com
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsBy appointment
Producer Métabief

Fromagerie du Mont d'Or (famille Sancey-Richard)

Artisan

Nestled at the foot of the Mont d'Or mountain in Métabief, this family dairy is one of ten workshops that make Mont d'Or / Vacherin du Haut-Doubs — and the only farmhouse producer among them. Late in the evening or in the early hours of the night, the cheesemakers do the rounds to collect milk from a dozen producers in the surrounding villages, exclusively Montbéliarde cow's milk — around 7,000 litres a day. For 50 years, the Sancey-Richard family has carried on the Franche-Comté cheesemaking tradition here.

Patrick Sancey-Richard long oversaw the cheesemaking; today, the mantle has been taken up by his nephew, Eddy, continuing an exacting craft — the "coiffage" of the curd grain after cutting, which gives Mont d'Or its creamy character.

The dairy presents itself as making three Franche-Comté PDO (AOP) cheeses — Comté, Morbier and Mont d'Or — sold on site and online, as well as house specialities (Cernois, Metsi, P'tit Sancey…). It offers a free self-guided tour of its workshops every day at 9:00 from a glass-fronted gallery overlooking two production halls, followed by a complimentary Comté tasting in the shop.

Address2 Rue du Moulin, 25370 Métabief, France
Phone+33 3 81 49 02 36
Websitefromageriedumontdor.com
VisitsFree self-guided tour every day at 9:00; complimentary Comté tasting
Producer Fontain

Fruitière de Fontain

Dairy cooperative

Founded in 1922, the Fruitière de Fontain brings together eleven members who produce 3.9 million litres of milk each year destined for making Comté — it is the closest fruitière to Besançon, just ten kilometres or so from the Comtois capital. Based in the village centre for nearly a century, in 2015 it left its historic site for a new workshop and shop, built at the entrance to Fontain alongside the route de Pugey.

The 130 m² shop, open Monday to Saturday, connects producers and visitors: large picture windows allow a glimpse of the cheesemakers at work and the wheels of Comté ageing patiently in the cellar. It stocks a range of Comté matured by Monts & Terroirs (doux, fruité, vieille réserve and prestige), as well as cream, raw-milk butter and fromage frais, alongside other PDO (AOP) Franche-Comté cheeses — Morbier, Mont d'Or, Bleu de Gex — and local produce.

Awards

Concours Général Agricole 2026

Paris

  • Comté AOP
AddressZA du Brey, Route de Pugey, 25660 Fontain
Phone03 81 57 21 05
Emailfromageriedefontain@orange.fr
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsYes
Producer Les Fourgs

Fromagerie des Fourgs

Dairy cooperative

Perched at an altitude of over 1,100 metres in Les Fourgs, the village nicknamed the 'roof of the Doubs', the Fromagerie des Fourgs is a cooperative fruitière that has brought together eleven farms from the Haut-Doubs since 2017. Its shop, curiously housed in the same building as the town hall and the post office, allows visitors to observe the cheese-making workshop through large picture windows. Three Comté cheeses are crafted here — mild, high-altitude, and terroir —, complemented in season by Mont d'Or, as well as by neighbouring specialities: raclette, Münster Ermitage, Morbier, cancoillotte, and goat's cheeses.

The shop also offers a selection of regional produce — Jura wines, honeys, cured meats — to complete a mountain cheese board. The fromagerie's Mont d'Or won the silver medal at the Concours Général Agricole 2026, confirming the reputation of Haut-Doubs fruitières for this emblematic winter cheese. The shop is open all year round, from Monday to Saturday as well as Sunday mornings and public holidays.

Address2b Grande Rue, 25300 Les Fourgs, France
Phone03 81 39 54 24
Emailfruitiereletoitdudoubs25@gmail.com
FacebookFacebook page
VisitsYes — shop open, cheese-making workshop visible through large picture windows